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Wedged between the two arms of Cook Inlet and the
imposing Chugach Mountains, ANCHORAGE is home
to over forty percent of Alaska's population, and serves as the
transportation center for the whole state. This sprawling city
on the edge of one of the world's great wildernesses often gets
a bad press from those who live elsewhere in Alaska - derided
as being "just half an hour from Alaska" - but it has
its attractions, and with its beautiful setting can make a pleasant
one- or two-day stopover.
By the time Captain James Cook came up what is now
Cook Inlet in 1778, in search of a Northwest Passage to the Atlantic,
Russian fur trappers had already started to settle the area, trading
copper and iron for fish and furs with the Native Americans. Though
Cook was sure that the inlet was not the Passage, he sent boats
out in a southeasterly direction to investigate. When they were
forced to turn back by the severe tides, Cook named this gloriously
scenic stretch Turnagain Arm .
Anchorage itself began life in 1915 as a tent city
for construction workers on the Alaska Railroad. During the 1930s,
hopefuls fleeing the Depression came pouring in from the Lower
48, and World War II - and the construction of the Alaska Highway
- further boosted the city's size and importance. The opening
of the airport established Anchorage - equidistant between New
York and Tokyo - as the "Crossroads of the World," and
statehood in 1959 brought in yet more optimistic adventurers
